関係代名詞の連立完成問題と書き換え問題

64 次の２文がほぼ同じ内容になるよう(　　)に適語を入れなさい。
(1) I know a girl. Her mother can speak French well.
　　I know a girl (　　　) mother can speak French well.
(2) The sleeping child is Mary’s sister.
　　The child (　　　)(　　　) sleeping is Mary’s sister.
(3) This is a book written by Yasunari Kawabata.
　　This is a book (　　　)(　　　) written by Yasunari Kawabata.
(4) Do you know that girl with long hair?
　　Do you know that girl (　　　)(　　　) is long?
(5) Ned is a boy whose eyes are brown.
　　Ned is a boy (　　　) has brown eyes.

《解説》
(1) I / know / a girl.    Her mother / can speak / French / well.
　　S  V         O          S                  V                O           M
　　この２文を接続詞を用いて結びます。
　　→ I know a girl and her mother can speak French well.
　 「and her」(人・所有格)を関係代名詞に置き換えます。
　　＊I know a girl (　whose　) mother can speak French well.

(2) The sleeping child / is / Mary’s sister.
　　S                          V     C
　 「the sleeping child」を文で表すと「The child is sleeping.」です。
　　→The child [and she is sleeping] is Mary’s sister.
　 「and she」(人・主格)を関係代名詞に置き換えます。
　　＊The child (　who　)(　is　) sleeping is Mary’s sister.

(3) This / is / a book written by Yasunari Kawabata.
　　S       V    C       ←
　 「written by ～」は、次項で学ぶ「分詞の形容詞用法」です。
　 『主格の関係代名詞＋be動詞』を省略すると『分詞の形容詞用法』となります。
　　川端康成は昔の人なので、書いたのは「過去」ですよね。
　　＊This is a book (　which　)(　was　) written by Yasunari Kawabata.

(4) Do / you / know / that girl with long hair?
　　(V)  S       V         O        ←
　 「that girl with long hair」の内容は「あの女の子の髪は長い」です。
　　→Do you know that girl and her hair is long.
　 「and her」(人・所有格)を関係代名詞に置き換えます。
　　＊Do you know that girl (　whose　)(　hair　) is long?

(5) Ned / is / a boy (whose eyes/ are brown).
　　S       V   C      ←
　 「His eyes are brown.」⇔「He has brown eyes.」を考えます。
　　→Ned is a boy and he has brown eyes.
　 「and he」(人・主格)を関係代名詞に置き換えます。
　　＊Ned is a boy (　who　) has brown eyes.

　 『with ～　⇔ who has ～　⇔ whose ～』の書き換えも覚えておきましょう。

65 関係代名詞を用いて１文にしなさい。
(1) The boy was very kind. He spoke to me at the station.
(2) I have a friend. His father works at that store.
(3) The big house is my aunt’s. It has a beautiful garden.
(4) The dictionary is on my desk. My uncle gave it to me.

《解説》
(1) The boy / was / very kind.   He / spoke / to me / at the station.
　　S             V       C               S      V         M        M
　　接続詞を用いて２文を結びます。
　　→ The boy [and he spoke to me at the station] was very kind.
　 「and he」(人・主格)を関係代名詞で置き換えます。
　　＊The boy who spoke to me at the station was very kind.

(2) I / have / a friend.   His father / works / at that store.
　　S  V        O             S                V         M
　　接続詞を用いて２文を結びます。
　　→ I have a friend and his father works at that store.
　 「and his」(人・所有格)を関係代名詞に置き換えます。
　　＊I have a friend whose father workd at that store.

(3) The big house / is / my aunt’s.    It / has / a beautiful garden.
　　S                     V    C                 S    V      O
　　接続詞を用いて２文を結びます。
　　→ The big house [and it has a beautiful garden] is my aunt’s.
　 「and it」(物・主格)を関係代名詞に置き換えます。
　　＊The big house which has a beautiful garden is my aunt’s.

(4) The dictionary / is / on my desk.    My uncle / gave/ it / to me.
　　S                     V    M                   S               V      O    M
　　接続詞を用いて２文を結びます。
　　→ The dictionary [and my uncle gave it to me] is on my desk.
　 「and it」(物・目的格)を関係代名詞に置き換えます。
　　＊The dictionary which my uncle gave to me is on my desk.