連立完成問題18　前置詞の後ろ

英語問題の『何が問われているのか？』を判断して、『適確に解を導く』練習をしましょう。

これまでに学んできた知識をフルに発揮して取り組んでください。

《演習問題》

86. This book is more difficult than that one.
      This book is not as (     ) as that one.

87. This is a book. Mr. Davis wrote it.
      This book was (     ) by Mr. Davis.

88. Tomoko became sick last week, and she is still sick.
      Tomoko (     )(     ) sick since last week.

89. It is a lot of fun to listen to music.
      (     ) to music is a lot of fun.

90. She left home. She didn’t say anything to me.
      She left home (      )(      ) anything to me.

《解説》

86. This book is more difficult than that one.
      This book is not as ( easy ) as that one.

「比較の内容は、than の前、後ろのas の前までで、事実がわかる」

→「この本は難しい」＝「この本は…ない」というのが事実です。

→「この本はやさしくない」となりますね。

『２音節以上の長い形容詞・副詞の比較級・最上級には、more・(the) most をつける』

This book is more difficult than that one.
= That book is easier than this one.
= That book is not more difficult than this one.
= That book is not as difficult as this one.

87. This is a book. Mr. Davis wrote it.
      This book was ( written ) by Mr. Davis.

『２つの文を１つの文で表すのは、基本的には関係代名詞を使います』

「by Mr. Davis」から、「受動態」で表現しなければなりません。

This is a book.   Mr. Davis wrote it.
= This is a book which Mr. Davis wrote.
= This is a book which was written by Mr. Dais.
= This is a book written by Mr. Davis.

88. Tomoko became sick last week, and she is still sick.
     Tomoko ( has )( been ) sick since last week.

『過去の文＋現在の文→現在完了の文』

・現在の文が否定されていない場合には、現在の動詞を使う。
・現在の文が否定されている場合には、過去の動詞を使う。

89. It is a lot of fun to listen to music.
      ( Listening ) to music is a lot of fun.

『仮主語の構文の真主語は、to-不定詞・動名詞・that-節が考えられる』

It is a lot of fun to listen to music.
= To listen to music is a lot of fun.
= Listening to music is a lot of fun.
= That we listen to music is a lot of fun.

90. She left home. She didn’t say anything to me.
      She left home ( without )( saying ) anything to me.

『～しないで…』という表現は、分詞構文か前置詞を使って表します。

She left home.    She didn’t say anything to me.
= She left home and then she didn’t say anything to me.
= She left home, not saying anything to me.
= She left home without saying anything to me.

『withoutは前置詞なので、目的語には動名詞を使います』

『前置詞の後：(1)名詞　(2)目的格　(3)動名詞』というルールは覚えておきましょうね。